Heat generator and radiator



(Rommel.) 1 .A

W. T. SMITH 8v G. A. ELY. `RRAT GRNRRATOR AND RADIATOR.

No. 369,1. l A Patentedug. 30, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM T. SMITH AND GEORGE A. ELY, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

HEAT GENERATOR AND RADIATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 369,131, dated August 30, 1887.

I Application filed March l0, 1887. Serial No. 230,428. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that We, WILLIAM T. SMITH and GEORGE A. ELY, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new andgusefullmprovements in Heat Generators and Radiators; and we do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to an improved heat generator and radiator combined, the object of our invention being to produce a simple, efficient, safe, and cheap device that will be economical in the consumption of gas as a fuel,

and which, from its peculiar constructi0n,will

effect a perfect combustion of such gaseous fuel as is admitted tothe combustion chambers of the device.

With these objects in View our invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, that will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings making a part of this specification, Figure l is a side elevation in perspective of a series of our improved heatgenerators with radiating pipes connected thereto. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of an enlarged view of one of the heatgenerators. Fig. 3 shows the gas-feeding jet, partly in section. Fig. l.tis a modified form of radiator employing asingle gas-jet or heat-generator.

ln the construction of our improved generator we employ cylindrical metallic pipes, preferably wrought iron tubing in general use for steam, Water, or gas service.

The radiators A of our improved heat-ing device are composed of one or several metallic tubes, the number depending upon the arca to be heated, held in any suitable manner to 'form a radiator. They are preferably arranged parallel to each other and of a proper length to afford the desired radiating-surface. Their position may be vertical or horizontal, as suits best the location or space to be heated.

The heat-generators B are construeted of sections of tube B B2 B3, which are connected by radiating-couplings C C G2, each section of pipe being of less diameter than the preceding section, the upper section, B', having a caliber equal to the radiator tube, which may be either vertical or horizontal, as is shown in Fig. 1. The length of the pipe-sections B BZ B3, that constitute the heat-developing chamber of each generator, may be increased or diminished, as may be desired or circumstances- "through these perforations at each point where they are located. v

T he lower couplings,O, of the heat-developing chamber are made to receive and rigidly retain a short section of tube, b, to which a similar piece of pipe, c,of equal diameter, is at tached. The free end of the pipe c hasashort chamber, D, secured to it by screw-threads, this chamber having a diameter greater than the pipe to which it is connected. An airinlet orifice, d, is made in the side of this chamber near the gasjet nozzle @,which is inserted into the free end of the chamber D. The nozzle e is perforated to afford a diminutive gas-induction passage, which is made to conform with the axial center of the chamber D, into which it projects a forcible jet of gas of small diameter. The jet-nozzle e is affixed to a gas-service pipe, F, which is attached to a source of gas-supply that will furnish gas under pressure, and it is evident that a number of these nozzles e may be attached lto the supply-pipe F at spaced intervals, as shown in Fig. l, and thus allow a consolidation of the individual heat-generators and attached radi` ator-pipes to form a compact radiator by their combination in this manner.

In operation the gas, being introduced into the service-pipe F, forcibly escapes at the jetholes of the nozzles e e, dre., and is ignited at the air-inlets in the couplings C. The force of these jets produces a strong draft in the vertical pipes c, which induces an inward flow of atmospheric air, that mingles with the gas in proper proportion to insure free burning of the mixed gas and air. In order to insure a perfect combustion of all the gaseous vapor it is essential that the mixed air and gas be highly heated, and consequently expanded, to permit the atoms of carbon of the gas to unite -be employed.

with corresponding atoms of oxygen of the air, l and it has been found that it greatly conduces to a thorough chemical decompositioh of the gas and a more perfect assimilation of the carbon and oxygen ofthe gas and air if there are additional air-currents introduced into the heatgenerator above the point of ignition of the gas and air currents, as the rareed and unconsumed gas that is not taken up by the air inducted at the orifices in the couplings C will meet a fresh volume of oxygen at the indue tion-holes in the couplings C immediately above the lower row of air-holes in conplingC. Any unconsumed gas that passes the orilices in the second reducer is brought into Contact with the air, drawn into the holes in the upper couplings, C2, and as these successive introductions of fresh air are made in chambers that are increased in diameter at each point of air-inlet it is obvious that the expansion of volume thus permitted will insure a perfect absorption of every atom of carbnn or combustible element of the gas introduced at the nozzle e by the successive velu me of oxygen that is broughtinto intimate contact with the sanne, and a consequent perfect combustion without smell or smoke will result.

1f a temporary device for a room is desired, aradator constructed as shown in Fig. 4 may Inthis form of construction the heat-generator is made similar to that shown in Fig. 2. This is connected to a radiator that is made up of a series of vertical pipes placed near and parallel to each other,they being connected by return-bends to form a continuous undulatory pipe, which may be fixed upon a stand of proper form to afford a means of retaining the dat coil in an upright position. rlhe nozzle of the heat-generator attached to the radiator j ust described may be temporarily connected to a gas-burner as a source of gassupply by a piece of gum hose, or a special device made of metal pipe may be employed thatis adapted to form a gas-tight connection between the burner and generator-nozzle.

The radiators herein described may be utilized for generalheating purposes, and are particularly available for safely heating the pas senger-coaches of a railroad.

Many slight changes might be made in the constructive features of our invention without departure from the spirit or exceeding the scope of the same. We do not therefore wish to limit ourselves to the exact forms shown; but.

Having fully described our invention, what We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isv l. In a heat generator and radiator,the combination,with a radiator-pipe and a series of 6o pipesections, of one or more reducing-coup lings connecting the pipe-sections, each coupling having a series of perforations, andagasnozzle adapted to draw air into the heatgenerator to mix with the gas below the perforated 6 5 reducers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a heat generator and radiator, the combination, with a series of radiator-pi pes, of a series of heat-generators, cach being composed of reducers of successivelydiminishing size, sec- 7o 'tions of pipe to t these reducers, and a jetnozzle that projects gas into a chamber connected to the lower section of theheat-generator and is adapted to draw in a supply of air to mix with the gas, substantially as set forth.

3. In a heat generator and radiator,the combination,wit11 a nozzle adapted to supplya jet of gas to an air-chamber above it, of a set of heat-generating chambers that regularly and successively increase in diameter, the coup- 8o lings that connect these chambers being perforated each with a series of spaced holes, the upper section being connected to a radiatorpipe, and a pipe connecting the air-chamber and heat-generator, substantially as set forth. 8 5

4. In a heat-generator using a gaseous fuel, the combinatiomwith a jet-nozzleand attached air-chamber above it, of a heat-chamber composed of a'set of pipe-sections connected together by reducing-couplings, each coupling 9D being perforated' with air-induction passages to furnish successive supplies of oxygen to the heat-generator chamber, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of subscribing witnesses.

WM. T. SMITH. GEO. A. ELY.

Witnesses:

FELIX R. SULLIVAN, C. C. PoUL'rNEY, G. E. SiivrLLn. 

